Exploring the Design and Defence of Amber Fort 2026

Amber Fort, also known as Amer Fort, is a historic fort nestled in the Aravalli Hills, about 11 km north of Jaipur. Built with pale yellow and pink sandstone and white marble, the fort was founded by Raja Man Singh, who was an important military leader in the army of Mughal emperor Akbar.

Amber Fort is strategically located on a hilltop, offering natural defence advantages. There are small pavilions built along its protective outer walls that allow the fort’s defenders to have a clear, elevated view of the surrounding terrain. The guards also used mirrors, smoke, and battle drums to communicate with each other. The Amber Fort overlooks an artificially created lake named Maota Lake, which also acted as a defensive embankment and water source. The walls of Amber Fort expand along the ridges to demarcate the city. These thick walls provided protection against artillery attacks and were difficult to breach. The layout of the fort includes narrow and winding pathways, making it difficult for intruders to advance without being ambushed.

Sheesh Mahal, also known as Jai Mandir, was developed between the time of Raja Man Singh and Mirza Raja Jai Singh I. It is a palace whose internal walls are exquisitely decorated with glass inlaid panels and multi-mirror ceilings. It is believed that if candle lamps are lit inside this palace, the entire space appears like a glittering jewel box, creating a mesmerising starry effect. Ganesh Pol was constructed between 1611 and 1667 by King Jai Singh I. The Mughal Garden, located between Jai Mandir and Sukh Niwas, was built in the charbagh style, representing the principles of Islamic garden design. The garden is designed as a sunken space divided into four quadrants, with a star-shaped pool and a fountain at the centre. To access the walled city, there were eight gates, with the main entrances being Suraj Pol (Sun Gate) and Chand Pol (Moon Gate).

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